First thing if that toilet is off the waste line and you have not already, please plug that waste hole with a test plug or old cloth to stop any fumes from seeking you out.
That toilet flange rests on top of the subfloor or tile and will screw to the top of the underlayment in six places tight. Make sure that plywood is under that flange everywhere it is supposed to be to support it.The screws must be exterior grade please no drywall or wood screws.
There are many styles of toilet flanges. 4", 3", offset, here is a website that offers a cast iron flange with compression.
http://www.plumbingsupply.com/toiletflanges.html
HD only sells what they can get rid of very quickley, they dont carry many things. If you want a cast iron compression fitting or anything else your local Plumbing supply house will have it.
The toilet footprint itself will cover the tile ends so just get close to the flange you do not need to get under it. Wax ring makes up the difference.
The toilet flange however is plastic, PVC or ABS. I personally dont like them. They dont do well on movement at all so if the toilet is not completley flat and level it will move when someone sits on it and over time it will work itself loose and allow water to pass by.
If your confident in the PVC or ABS go with the plastic as it being readily available. Make sure you test the fit and see that it will go into the waste line sufficiently to make that connection.
Things i can think of that may be a deal buster is cutting that cast iron waste to install the new flange, if that is the case call in a plumber.
Hope I helped