Welcome aboard, Kathleen.
Wish you had stopped by under more pleasant circumstances.
The short answer to your initial question is, yes, plumbers most frequently install shower pans directly on the sub-floor. Worse than that, most building inspectors are quite happy to approve those installations.
Do I understand that you have only removed sheetrock from behind the shower wall and not removed any part of the shower itself?
If so, is it possible that
all the moisture you are seeing came from the plumbing leak that you repaired?
If visible moisture is present outside the shower pan that did not originate outside the shower, you most likely have a problem more serious than a simple lack of pre-slope.
It is possible to tear out only the bottom portion of the shower and replace the pan, but, as a designer, you're not gonna be happy with the result. And if you plan to do whatever work is necessary yourownself, there would not be enough saving of dinero to warrant that sort of half measure. If I understand the problem correctly, I think I would hafta suggest tearing the whole thing out and starting over. Sometimes that's just the easiest approach, professionally or as a DIYer.
My opinion; worth price charged.