I've been on pumps most of my life.
A handle type valve will be closed if it is sticking out at an L from the pipe(usually)
The air bladder will go almost anywhere in the line,it only keeps constant pressure so the pump doesn't cycle off and on.The air tank has it's own pressure when there is no water pressure,usually less than half the line pressure.
A pressure gauge on top of the pump will give you the pressure fror kick on and off.Usually20/ 40 p.s.i.
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