Hi Karen
After speaking with Maurizio several weeks ago, it sounds like you and I are tied for 1st place for these unique "Why me?" jobs.
I have only done concrete floor polishing, with large planetary head floor machines. A typical concrete floor has a nice blend of aggregate, sand, and cement. It is usually tamped to bring the cement cream to the top. After the initial cut, the sand and aggregate are exposed, and the subsequent grits are used to polish. It sounds like that is basically the procedure you used.
Since this is a poured top, this is probably where the problem lies. I'm not familiar with plastic cement aggregate. (I'm familiar with the term "plastic" cement, only)
It doesn't make sense to apply a black top coat, then to grind and polish.
What were you trying to achieve as an end result?